Triton XXVII - Session 3
Date: 2024-01-09 00:00:00
Lots: 336
Total starting: $ 0.00
Total realized: $ 0.00 (+0.00%)
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Classical Numismatic Group, LLC - Triton XXVII - Session 3 . 732
Titus. AD 79-81. AR Denarius (18.5mm, 3.50 g, 6h). Rome mint. Struck AD 79, after 1 July. IMP TITVS CAES VESPASIAN AVG P M •, laureate head right / TR P VIIII IMP XIIII COS VII P P, Venus, seen half from behind, naked except for drapery around hips, standing right, resting left elbow on column, holding helmet in extended right hand and transverse scepter in left. RIC II.1 34, note 4; RSC 268; BMCRE 9-10; BN 9-10. Lustrous with iridescent toning, flan flaw on obverse. EF. A spectacular example of the type. From the Wayne Scheible Collection.
Classical Numismatic Group, LLC - Triton XXVII - Session 3 . 733
Titus. AD 79-81. Æ Dupondius (28.5mm, 17.18 g, 6h). Rome mint. Struck AD 80-81 (or a 16th-17th century fantasy). IMP T CAES VESP AVG P M TR P COS VIII, radiate head left / Conical fountain set on plinth (Meta Sudans) with statues set within alternating squared and arched recesses, S C across field; LM in ink (old collector or museum initials) in upper left field. RIC II.1 205; BN III Faux Modernes 28; Asolati, M. Note sulla medaglia all'antica d'età rinascimentale tra invenzioni, rivisitazioni e "ritocchi" (Milano, 2018), pp. 155–6; Heenes and Jansen, Jacopo Strada's Magnum AC Novum Opus, A Sixteenth-Century Corpus Of Ancient Numismatics (Berlin, 2022), pp. 292, no. 5 (this coin illustrated). Yellow-brown surfaces, minor marks and scratches, tooled and smoothed. Good VF. An extreme rarity, the only specimen not in a museum collection. LOT SOLD AS IS, NO RETURNS – Not Suitable For Encapsulation. The Meta Sudans was a tall fountain located in front of the Flavian Amphitheater, it marked the spot where processions would turn from the Via Trumphalis along the Palatine and onto the Roman Forum. It was erected shortly after the completion of the amphitheater, between AD 89-96. This coin is not without controversy. The consignor showed photos of this coin to the late Ted Buttrey, curator at the Fitzwilliam Museum, in the mid 1990s who studied it intently. He concluded that the coin must be genuine and gave the following appraisal: "The two pieces, RIC 205 = L195A and [this] piece, were struck from the same obverse die, while Paris was struck from a very similar die by the same engraver, the way the wreath ends terminate at CO and OS respectively. However, the reverses were struck from three separate dies, distinguished by the nature and placing of the arches below the steeple. It is certainly beyond belief that an evil modern craftsman, attempting to create an un-struck type for Titus, would have - or even could have - stretched out his hand toward the mountains of random asses and dupondii still surviving, and come up with three pieces to work on which had been produced virtually at the same moment at the Rome mint amid the abundant bronze coinages of 80-81 AD. I think we have to accept it as genuinely ancient." More recently, the coin was studied in-hand by the current curator of the Coins and Medals department at the British Museum who commented that he had seen genuine Titus dupondii with similar surfaces and concave flans and since Ted Buttrey had said it was authentic, he had no reason to disagree. He did confirm that it had been tooled and smoothed in similar fashion as the BM and BN specimens.In the years since Professor Buttrey's comments, further research has been done on this coin as well as others of its type. New evidence supports this being a Paduan-era medallion of the 16th-17th century schools in Italy. The Asolati and Heenes references cited above, one of which included this very coin, detail the works of Giovanni Cavino, Jacopo Strada, and other 16th century artists. Both authors believe that every extant specimen, including the BM coin, are Paduan-era medallions and that no genuine ancient coins of the type exist. It is interesting to note that the sestertius of this type has a laureate base instead of the statues seen here. Had an ancient celator carved the dies, we would expect to see a similar scene on both denominations. This lends credence to the belief that the Renaissance engravers had not actually seen the fountain they were engraving. A note from the consignor: "Dr. Heenes did not study my coin in hand when preparing his book, he only worked from a photo." Cataloger note: Since cataloging this coin for Triton, a new Paduan-era sestertius of Vitellius has been found, CNG E-551, lot 770. The reverses share unmistakable similarities; the alternating squared and arched recesses, the beaded edges around the enclosures, and the base style lead me to believe that both coins are the work of the same Renaissance engraver.There are only five of this type known: one each in the British Museum, Bibliothèque National, Nationale di Venezia, Banca Regionale del Veneto, and the one offered here from a private collection. This coin is the only specimen available in the public market and has been in the consignor's collection for over 50 years.
Classical Numismatic Group, LLC - Triton XXVII - Session 3 . 734
Julia Titi. Augusta, AD 79-90/1. AR Denarius (20mm, 3.44 g, 6h). Rome mint. Struck under Titus, AD 80-81. IVLIA AVGVSTA TI[TI AVG]VSTI F •, diademed and draped bust right; hair in long plait / VENVS AVGVST, Venus, seen half from behind, naked to the hips, standing right, resting elbow on column, holding transverse scepter and crested helmet. RIC II.1 388 (Titus); RSC 14; BMCRE 141-3 (Titus); BN 106-7 (Titus). Attractive iridescent toning, a few light scratches, minor flan flaw. EF. Struck with fresh dies. Wonderful portrait. From the Wayne Scheible Collection. Ex Edward J. Waddell inventory 22453 (ND).
Classical Numismatic Group, LLC - Triton XXVII - Session 3 . 735
Domitian. As Caesar, AD 69-81. AV Aureus (19.5mm, 7.36 g, 12h). Rome mint. Struck under Vespasian, AD 73. CAES AVG F DOMIT COS II, laureate head right / VES TA above, round, tetrastyle Temple of Vesta, the roof divided into panels by horizontal and transverse bars and slops upward to a point, on which is an ornamental top; within, statue of Vesta standing left on low base; to left and right of temple, statues standing on low bases. RIC II.1 559 (Vespasian); Calicó 940 (this coin illustrated); BMCRE 412 (Vespasian; same obv. die); BN –; Biaggi –. Red and blue iridescent toning on the reverse, characteristic of Boscoreale Hoard aurei, minor edge mark. EF. Very rare. Purchased by the consignor from Numismatica Ars Classica, January 2020. Ex Ernst Ploil Collection (Part III, Numismatica Ars Classica 101, 24 October 2017), lot 216; European Nobleman Collection (Numismatica Ars Classica 24, 5 December 2002), lot 56; Triton II (1 December 1998), lot 866; Astarte 1 (11 May 1998), lot 235; Walter Niggeler Collection (Part 3, 2 November 1967), lot 1177; Vicomte de Sartiges Collection (Ars Classica XVIII, 10 October 1938), lot 168; Sir John Evans Collection (Rollin & Feuardent, 26 May 1909), lot 80. Possibly from the Boscoreale Hoard of 1895.
Classical Numismatic Group, LLC - Triton XXVII - Session 3 . 736
Domitian. As Caesar, AD 69-81. AV Aureus (19mm, 7.32 g, 6h). Rome mint. Struck early AD 76-early 77. CAESAR AVG F DOMITIANVS, laureate head right / COS IIII, large cornucopia with pair of grape bunches and grain ears. RIC II.1 918 (Vespasian); Calicó 817; Biaggi 395. Toned. In NGC encapsulation 6156281-007, graded Ch XF, Strike: 5/5, Surface: 2/5, Fine Style, scratches. Ex Numismatica Ars Classica Spring Sale 2021 (10 May 2021), lot 1263; Roma V (23 March 2013), lot 722.
Classical Numismatic Group, LLC - Triton XXVII - Session 3 . 737
Domitian. AD 81-96. Æ Sestertius (34mm, 29.02 g, 6h). Rome mint. Struck 13 September-31 December AD 81. IMP CAES DIVI VESP F DOMITIAN AVG P M, laureate head right / TR P COS VII DES VIII P P, Minerva, helmeted and draped, with aegis down back, advancing right, brandishing javelin in right hand and holding round shield on left. RIC II.1 76; BMCRE 261 (same obv. die)/260 (for obv./rev. types); BN 274-5. Brown patina, area of minor roughness on reverse. Good VF. Attractive portrait. Ex Jack A. Frazer Collection (Classical Numismatic Group 114, 13 May 2020), lot 818; CNG inventory 704477 (December 1997); Malter 72 (23 November 1997), lot 384; Leu 20 (25 April 1978), lot 282.
Classical Numismatic Group, LLC - Triton XXVII - Session 3 . 738
Domitian. AD 81-96. Æ Sestertius (32mm, 19.11 g, 6h). Rome mint. Struck AD 85. IMP CAES DOMIT AVG GERM COS XI CENS POT P P, laureate bust right, wearing aegis / GERMANIA CAPTA, S C in exergue, trophy; to right, German captive standing right, looking left, hands bound behind his back; to left, Germania seated left in attitude of mourning, head propped on right hand, right elbow resting on right knee; around both, various arms. RIC II.1 351; BMCRE 325-6; BN 350. Brown patina, smoothed. VF. From the CLA Collection, purchased from Arnie Saslow, 8 March 1991.
Classical Numismatic Group, LLC - Triton XXVII - Session 3 . 739
Domitian. AD 81-96. AV Aureus (19mm, 7.47 g, 6h). Rome mint. Struck AD 95-96. DOMITIANVS AVGVSTVS, laureate head right / GERMANICVS COS XVII, Minerva (or Roma?), helmeted and draped, seated left, holding Victory (or palladium?) in right hand and resting left arm on shield. Cf. RIC II.1 775-783 for the same obverse and reverse legends. Unlisted in the standard references. Minor marks, edge scuffs, traces of luster. Near EF. The reverse type is heretofore unpublished and unknown for Domitian. This unpublished, and previously unrecorded, aureus of Domitian dates from circa 95-96 AD and, with the same obverse and reverse legends as the other known, albeit very rare, aureii in this group, clearly fits into the output that is already known for this period. What is noticeably different however is the reverse iconography, depicting a seated female figure holding what appears to be a palladium in her left hand, with her right resting on a shield - at first glance sharing all the attributes of Roma. Two reverse types similar to this exist for Domitian, both on medallions housed in the British Museum. One silver, one bronze and both dated to earlier in Domitian's reign, 85 AD, they show the emperor, laureate on both occasions, and wearing an aegis on the obverse whilst, on the reverse, a female figure is seated left, her arm resting on a decorative shield, but in this instance holding Victory and with a captive and boat below. Towards the end of Domitian's reign a wider variety of reverse types began to be employed to coincide with Rome's German victories, such as Germania or the emperor himself in a triumphal quadriga, and although it is known that Domitian considered Minerva to be his own personal patron goddess, devoting much of his personal time and public funds to her worship and with over 75% of his denarii and aurei having Minerva on the reverse, it is possible that this unique aureus shows a further development to his coinage that came to an end with Domitian's assassination in 96 AD.
Classical Numismatic Group, LLC - Triton XXVII - Session 3 . 740
temp. Domitian. AD 81-96. Counterfeiter's Denarius Die (31.5x32mm, 165.50 g). Circa AD 92-circa 93. Bronze die set in iron shank. In intaglio on die face: IMP XXII COS XVI CENS P P P (retrograde) upwards from lower right, Minerva, helmeted and draped, standing left, shield at side to right, holding spear in right hand and thunderbolt in left. Cf. RIC II.1 741 (for coin). Dark brown-green patina with red oxide surfaces at edge. Good VF. Extremely rare. A wonderful complete example of a contemporary counterfeiter's die.
Classical Numismatic Group, LLC - Triton XXVII - Session 3 . 741
Nerva. AD 96-98. Æ Sestertius (32mm, 26.99 g, 6h). Rome mint. Struck AD 97. IMP NERVA CAES AVG P M TR P COS III P P, laureate head right / FORVNA AVGVST, S C across field, Fortuna, draped, standing left, holding rudder in right hand and cornucopia in left. RIC II 83; Banti 21; BMCRE 107-9; BN 98. Green-brown patina, light smoothing in fields, minor cleaning marks along edge. Good VF. From the Wayne Scheible Collection. Ex Berk BBS 125 (27 February 2002), lot 719.
Classical Numismatic Group, LLC - Triton XXVII - Session 3 . 742
Nerva. AD 96-98. Æ Sestertius (33.5mm, 26.20 g, 6h). Rome mint. Struck AD 97. IMP NERVA CAES AVG P M TR P COS III P P, laureate head right / VEHICVLATIONE ITALIAE REMISSA, S C in exergue, Two mules grazing, one left, one right; behind, high-wheeled cart, with pole and harness (collars and traces), tipped up and pointing slightly to right. RIC II 93; Banti 44; BMCRE 120; BN 108. Brown and green patina, light smoothing. VF.
Classical Numismatic Group, LLC - Triton XXVII - Session 3 . 743
Trajan. AD 98-117. Æ Sestertius (34.5mm, 23.91 g, 6h). Rome mint. Struck AD 101-102. IMP CAES NERVA TRAIAN AVG GERM P M, laureate bust right, slight drapery / TR POT COS IIII P P, S C in exergue, Pax, draped, seated left on throne, holding olive branch in extended right hand and transverse scepter in left. RIC II 432 var. (bust type); Woytek 107b; Strack 338; Banti 337; BMCRE 745, note; BN 144-5. Glossy green patina, some smoothing. EF. Boldly struck, with a magnificent portrait. Ex Classical Numismatic Group 117 (19 May 2021), lot 521 ($22,000 hammer).When Trajan entered his fourth consulship in AD 101, the Roman Empire seemed securely at peace, as celebrated by the figure of Pax on the reverse of this attractive sestertius. This peace, however, was not to be sustained as Trajan was already planning a massive campaign against the Dacian King Decebalus, who had humiliated Roman armies on two occasions during Domitian's reign.
Classical Numismatic Group, LLC - Triton XXVII - Session 3 . 744
Trajan. AD 98-117. AV Aureus (19mm, 7.36 g, 7h). Rome mint. Struck circa AD 104/5-107. IMP TRAIANO AVG GER DAC P M TR P COS V P P, laureate bust right, wearing aegis / SPQR OPTIMO PRINCIPI, Trajan, bareheaded and in military dress, with cloak flying behind him, on horse riding right, thrusting spear with right hand at Dacian falling on left knee, right, looking back left, holding out hands in attitude of alarm. RIC II 209; Allen Series 31, Type VI (dies –/vi.11 [unlisted obv. die]); Woytek 202cB2; Strack 80; Calicó 1109; BMCRE 245 note; BN 365 (photo switched with 364 in plates); Biaggi 538. Lustrous, small flan flaw and flat spot on obverse, tiny flat spot on edge. Near EF. Ex Dr. Michael Rogers Collection (Part II, Stack's Bowers Galleries, 14 January 2022), lot 3124; Stack's (4 December 2001), lot 25; Numismatica Ars Classica 9 (16 April 1996), lot 858; Numismatica Ars Classica 7 (2 March 1994), lot 725; Dr. Bernard Jean Collection (Part 1, Bourgey, 21 June 1992), lot 27.
Classical Numismatic Group, LLC - Triton XXVII - Session 3 . 745
Trajan. AD 98-117. Æ Sestertius (34.5mm, 24.81 g, 6h). Rome mint. Struck circa AD 104/5-107. IMP CAES NERVAE TRAIANO AVG GER DAC P M TR P COS V P P, laureate bust right, slight drapery / SPQR OPTIMO PRINCIPI, S C in exergue, Danuvius (the Danube) standing left, with cloak floating in arch behind his head and drapery falling away from his thighs and thrown out to the right, placing knee on Dacia, whom he forces to the ground. RIC II 556 var. (bust type); Woytek 199bA; Strack 383 Banti 231; BMCRE 793 var. (bust type); BN 301 var. (same). Beautiful light green patina. Near EF. Ex Michael F. Price Collection (Stack's, 3 December 1996), lot 170.
Classical Numismatic Group, LLC - Triton XXVII - Session 3 . 746
Trajan. AD 98-117. AR Denarius (19mm, 3.46 g, 6h). Rome mint. Struck circa AD 107. IMP TRAIANO AVG GER DAC P M TR P COS V P P, laureate bust right, slight drapery / S P Q R OPTIMO PRINCIPI, Aequitas, draped, standing left, holding scales in right hand and cornucopia in left. RIC II 169; Woytek 222b1 (same dies); Strack 101; RSC 462; BMCRE 167; BN 243-4. Attractive light tone, minor flan flaw on reverse, a couple of short, shallow scratches on reverse. Superb EF. Well struck on a round flan. Ex Numismatica Ars Classica 120 (6 October 2020), lot 748.
Classical Numismatic Group, LLC - Triton XXVII - Session 3 . 747
Trajan. AD 98-117. Æ Sestertius (32.5mm, 27.45 g, 6h). Rome mint. Struck circa AD 112-summer 114. IMP CAES NERVAE TRAIANO AVG GER DAC P M TR P COS VI P P, laureate bust right, slight drapery / SPQR OP TIMO [PRI] NCIPI, FORVM TRAIAN/ S • C in two lines in exergue, view of the Forum of Trajan: the front is formed by six columns, on a podium of two steps, carrying a heavy center pier and two smaller piers on each side: there are four recesses between the piers: both left and right the side is indicated by a column and a recess: in the intercolumniations of the front are a doorway in center, and four small shrines with statues, two to left, two to right: above each of these is a round shield: above, statues–in center, a facing quadriga with driver, to left and right, warriors leading the quadriga, to left and right, trophies and Victories (?). RIC II 630 var. (bust type); Woytek 465b2; Strack 425; Banti 70 var. (same); BMCRE 984; BN 715 var. (same). Green-brown patina. VF. Wonderful architectural reverse. Very rare. Ex Gemini IX (9 January 2012), lot 480 (hammer $8,500).Nearly every detail of the Forum Traiani was intended as a celebration and aggrandizement of the emperor's Dacian victory, so it is fitting that the forum's entrance doubled as Trajan's triumphal arch. In typical fashion, the arch is surmounted by a statuary group with figures of the emperor and Victory in a chariot, here drawn by six horses, and flanked by soldiers, trophies, and additional Victories.
Classical Numismatic Group, LLC - Triton XXVII - Session 3 . 748
Trajan. AD 98-117. Æ Sestertius (34mm, 25.42 g, 6h). Rome mint. Struck late summer-autumn AD 114. IMP CAES TRAIANO OPTIMO AVG GER DAC P M TR P COS VI P P, laureate, draped, and cuirassed bust right / CONSERVATORI PATRIS PATRIAE, S • C in exergue, Jupiter, nude except for cloak hanging behind him from his shoulders, standing left, holding thunderbolt in right hand over Trajan standing left, holding laurel branch in right hand and scepter in left. RIC II –; Woytek 507f (this coin); Strack 448β; Banti 39 var. (bust type); BMCRE p. 215, * corr. (bust type); BN –. Brown patina, some green, flan preparation marks on obverse, light smoothing. Good VF. Extremely rare, Woytek records only one other example in the Vatican Collection, which BMCRE quotes with incorrect information about the bust variant. From the Wayne Scheible Collection. Ex Gemini II (10 January 2006), lot 347 (hammer $9,000); Lanz 123 (30 May 2005), lot 562.
Classical Numismatic Group, LLC - Triton XXVII - Session 3 . 749
Trajan. AD 98-117. Æ Sestertius (35mm, 27.28 g, 6h). Rome mint. Struck winter AD 114-early 116. IMP CAES NER TRAIANO OPTIMO. AVG GER DAC P M TR P COS VI P P, laureate and draped bust right / SENATVS POPV LVSQVE ROMANVS, S C across field, Felicitas, draped, standing left, holding up caduceus in right hand and cornucopia in left. RIC II 672; Woytek 534v2 (this coin); Strack 455; Banti 106; BMCRE 1002-3; BN 845-6. Handsome brown patina, marks on edge. Good VF. From the Wayne Scheible Collection. Ex Berk BBS 89 (14 February 1996), lot 554; Numismatic Fine Arts XII (23 March 1983), lot 256; Hess-Leu [9] (2 April 1958), lot 317.
Classical Numismatic Group, LLC - Triton XXVII - Session 3 . 750
Trajan. AD 98-117. Æ Sestertius (33mm, 24.81 g, 6h). Rome mint. Struck AD 114-116. IMP CAES NER TRAIANO OPTIMO AVG GER DAC P M TR P COS VI P P, laureate and draped bust right / SENATVS POPVLVSQVE ROMANVS, FORT RED/ S · C in two lines in exergue, Fortuna Redux seated left, holding rudder and cornucopia. RIC II 652; Woytek 542v; Banti 66. Attractive brown patina with some green and red, some smoothing on edge. EF. Fine style. Ex T.R. Fehrenbach Collection (Heritage 3089, 21 January 2021), lot 32192; Triton II (1 December 1998), lot 890 and color plate 15; Astarte 1 (11 May 1998), lot 243.
Classical Numismatic Group, LLC - Triton XXVII - Session 3 . 751
Trajan. AD 98-117. AR Denarius (19mm, 3.47 g, 6h). Restored issue of M. Claudius Marcellus. Rome. Struck circa AD 107 or 112/113. MARCELLINVS downward to right, bare head of the consul M. Claudius Marcellus right; triskeles to left / IMP CAES TRAIAN AVG GER DAC P P REST around, MARCELLVS downward in field to right, COS QVINQ downward in field to left, M. Claudius Marcellus advancing right, carrying trophy held in right hand into tetrastyle temple. RIC II 809 (same dies as illustration); Woytek 8342 (this coin referenced and illustrated); H. Mattingly, "The Restored Coins of Trajan" in NC 1926, 35, pl. XII, 16 (same dies); Komnick Type 36.0, 2 (V1/R2); RSC 35 (same dies as illustration); BMCRE 689 (same dies); BN 502 (same obv. die): cf. Crawford 439/1 (for prototype); cf. Sydenham 1147 (same); cf. Claudia 11 (same). Cabinet toned. In NGC encapsulation 2130990-002, graded AU★, Strike: 5/5, Surface: 4/5, Fine Style. Ex Classical Numismatic Group 114 (13 May 2020), lot 842; Palombo 17 (20 October 2018), lot 61; Numismatica Ars Classica 33 (6 April 2006), lot 479.This exceedingly rare coin, struck under Trajan, copies a denarius of 50 BC issued by the moneyer P. Cornelius Lentulus Marcellinus (ref. Crawford 439/1). The obverse shows the head of the general M. Claudius Marcellus, consul five times, with a triskeles behind that reminds of his conquest of Syracuse in 211 BC during the second Punic War. The reverse shows the moneyer's ancestor, carrying a Gallic trophy into the tetrastyle temple of Jupiter Feretrius (supposedly the first temple to have been built in Rome), which commemorates his victory of 222 BC against the Celtic Insubres under their king Britomartis. Curtis Clay wrote, the primary purpose of restored coins was to provide substitutes in circulation for coin types that had become familiar, but that the emperor was calling in, melting down, and restriking, because the originals were worn out and sometimes also because they contained more precious metal than current coins, so the emperor could make a profit. When selecting the types for the restored coins, however, a secondary purpose kicked in: to present a full picture of earlier Roman coinage, and to honor worthy earlier emperors, even if the earlier coins in question were not actually being called in and restruck, either because they were so old that they were no longer in circulation, or because they were so recent that they were still in excellent condition and contained no more bullion than the mint's current production. This secondary purpose explains Trajan's restoration of both a Republican didrachm, though such didrachms were certainly no longer in circulation, and of aurei of Nerva and Divus Nerva, though Nerva's aurei were only a decade old so didn't need restriking because of wear. It explains why Trajan Decius' restored antoniniani included coins for Divus Augustus, whose original denarii had long since disappeared from circulation. And finally it explains why Titus' restored bronzes included coins for Galba, whose original bronzes were also only a dozen years old. As Mattingly wrote regarding Titus' selection of emperors for restoration: "The list of persons whose coins were to be restored was evidently drawn up with deliberate care. Tiberius, Claudius, and Galba were included, Caligula, Nero, Otho, and Vitellius omitted. The list is something like a roll of honour of the early Empire, preserving all memories that deserved to be remembered" (BMC II, p. lxxviii). Relative to dating Trajan's restored coins, the traditional dating of AD 107 is based on Eckhel's theory linking the restitution coinage with the general recoinage that Dio places after Trajan's return from the Second Dacian War. Bernhard Woytek disagrees, and places their issue in AD 112/113, surmising that the appearance of Divus Nerva in this coinage must be contemporary to his appearance on an aureus securely dated to that period. Clay, however, pleads for the traditional dating of recoinage which, according to Dio, began circa AD 107. Curtis states that "If the restored coinage was connected with the recoinage, and the recoinage began circa AD 107, how likely is it that Trajan would have waited until AD 112-3 to issue the restored coins resulting from that recoinage?"
Classical Numismatic Group, LLC - Triton XXVII - Session 3 . 752
Trajan. AD 98-117. AV Aureus (19mm, 7.18 g, 6h). Restored issue of Julius Caesar. Rome mint. Struck circa AD 107 or AD 112/113. C • IVLIVS • CAES IMP • COS III, bare head of Julius Caesar right / IMP • CAES • TRAIAN AVG GER DAC P P REST, Venus, bare to waist, standing right, leaning left elbow on column, holding helmet in right hand and transverse spear in left; shield on ground to right. RIC II 806; Woytek 851 (same dies as illustration – this coin referenced); Komnick 53.0, 1 (V1/R1); Calicó 47 (same dies as illustration); BMCRE 696, pl. 23, 17 (same dies); BN –; Biaggi 34 (same dies); Jameson 422 (same dies). Reddish tone, minor marks, hairlines. Near Fine. Very rare. Woytek lists ten examples, including this coin. From the Wayne Scheible Collection, purchased from Spink. Ex 1985 Arquennes Hoard, no. 404.Curtis Clay wrote, the primary purpose of restored coins was to provide substitutes in circulation for coin types that had become familiar, but that the emperor was calling in, melting down, and restriking, because the originals were worn out and sometimes also because they contained more precious metal than current coins, so the emperor could make a profit. When selecting the types for the restored coins, however, a secondary purpose kicked in: to present a full picture of earlier Roman coinage, and to honor worthy earlier emperors, even if the earlier coins in question were not actually being called in and restruck, either because they were so old that they were no longer in circulation, or because they were so recent that they were still in excellent condition and contained no more bullion than the mint's current production. This secondary purpose explains Trajan's restoration of both a Republican didrachm, though such didrachms were certainly no longer in circulation, and of aurei of Nerva and Divus Nerva, though Nerva's aurei were only a decade old so didn't need restriking because of wear. It explains why Trajan Decius' restored antoniniani included coins for Divus Augustus, whose original denarii had long since disappeared from circulation. And finally it explains why Titus' restored bronzes included coins for Galba, whose original bronzes were also only a dozen years old. As Mattingly wrote regarding Titus' selection of emperors for restoration: "The list of persons whose coins were to be restored was evidently drawn up with deliberate care. Tiberius, Claudius, and Galba were included, Caligula, Nero, Otho, and Vitellius omitted. The list is something like a roll of honour of the early Empire, preserving all memories that deserved to be remembered" (BMC II, p. lxxviii). Relative to dating Trajan's restored coins, the traditional dating of AD 107 is based on Eckhel's theory linking the restitution coinage with the general recoinage that Dio places after Trajan's return from the Second Dacian War. Bernhard Woytek disagrees, and places their issue in AD 112/113, surmising that the appearance of Divus Nerva in this coinage must be contemporary to his appearance on an aureus securely dated to that period. Clay, however, pleads for the traditional dating of recoinage which, according to Dio, began circa AD 107. Curtis states that "If the restored coinage was connected with the recoinage, and the recoinage began circa AD 107, how likely is it that Trajan would have waited until AD 112-3 to issue the restored coins resulting from that recoinage?"