STUART. Charles II. 1660-1685. AR Shilling (30mm, 5.96 g, 2h). First hammered issue. Tower (London) mint; im: crown. Struck November 1660-October 1661. Crowned bust left / Coat-of-arms over short cross moline. Bull, Silver 272; ESC 1010; North 2762; SCBC 3308 . Iridescent toning, a few faint scratches. EF. With a finer strike and portrait than the specimen in Cope Part I (hammer 4750 CHF).
STUART. Charles II. 1660-1685. AV Broad (30mm, 8.92 g, 6h). Tower (London) mint. Dated 1662. Laureate, draped, and cuirassed bust left / Crowned coat-of-arms. Lessen, Simon’s G.3/3; Bull, Gold 166; SCBC 3337A. In NGC encapsulation 690359-009, graded AU 58. Rare.
From the Drewry Family Collection. Ex Davissons FPL 1994-2 (September 1994), no. 9; Strauss Collection (Sotheby’s, 26 May 1994), lot 168; Lady & Sir G.E. Duveen Collection (Glendining, 29 September 1964), lot 56.
STUART. James II. 1685-1688. AV 5 Guineas. Dated 1688 and RY QVARTO. Second bust. Bull, Gold 315; SCBC 3397A. In NGC encapsulation 6891729-002, graded AU 55.
STUART. James II. 1685-1688. AR Crown. Dated 1687 and RY TERTIO. Second bust. Bull 743; ESC 78; SCBC 3407. Light golden toning with underlying luster. In NGC encapsulation 6904463-005, graded MS 63.
STUART (ORANGE). William III & Mary. 1688-1694. AV 5 Guineas. Dated 1693 Elephant & Castle. Second busts. Bull, Gold 351; SCBC 3423. In NGC encapsulation 6917299-003, graded AU Details, obv spot removed.
From the Drewry Family Collection. Ex Bowers & Merena (17 September 1984), lot 5025.
In 1660, the Royal African Company was given a monopoly of English trade in West Africa with the particular aim of exploiting the gold fields of the upper Gambia River. Coins were struck at the Royal Mint with gold from these endeavors, bearing the Company’s badge of an elephant and castle (sometimes an elephant only) under the effigy of the monarch. Initially these issues were so plentiful that the new milled gold issues were given the popular name Guinea. After 1689, the Company lost it’s monopoly and in the 18th Century elephant and castle coins were issued more infrequently. The Royal Africa Company was dissolved in 1752.
STUART. Anne. 1702-1714. AR Crown. Dated 1708 and RY SEPTIMO. Post-Union issue. Second bust, roses and plumes. Bull 1347; ESC 108; SCBC 3602. Toned. In NGC encapsulation 3354689-015, graded AU 55.
From the Michael Casick Collection of British Coins, purchased from Atlas Numismatics, June 2012.
HANOVER. George II. 1727-1760. AR Crown. Dated 1751 and RY V. QVARTO. Old head. Bull 1671; ESC 128; SCBC 3690. Toned. In NGC encapsulation 6904463-003, graded MS 63. Top Pop.
HANOVER. George III. 1760-1820. AR Dollar. Struck 1797. Oval countermark on a Chilean, Santiago Portrait-type 8 Reales dated 1795 So DA. Bull 1853; ESC 134; SCBC 3765A. Deeply toned, a few scratches, small flan flaw at edge. Host Good VF. Countermark: Good VF. Rare undertype.
From the Alexander Christopher Collection.
In the late 18th century, the circulating coinage in Britain was in a pathetic state. Counterfeit coins, both in copper and silver, were the rule, rather than the exception. The Royal mint, rather than competing with the flood of false issues, simply shut its doors.
In 1788, industrialist Matthew Boulton stepped in to attempt to reform the copper coinage where the government would not. A wealthy industrialist and partner of the steam-engine inventor James Watt, Boulton had made his fortune manufacturing other small metallic objects. Using the steam technology at his disposal, he created the first modern mint at Soho in Birmingham. Yet Boulton was initially unable to obtain a patent to strike coinage and instead opened his mint to merchants. The vast majority of provincial tokens struck in England at this time originated from the Soho mint.
Meanwhile, the Bank of England endeavored to stabilize the silver coinage. Taking Spanish eight reales coins, they stamped on them a small image of King George, valuing them at a dollar of five shillings. This simple solution did not fare well with the public, as they were extremely easy to counterfeit. The failed issue spawned a popular nursery rhyme, “The Bank to make their Spanish dollars pass/Stamped the head of a fool on the head of an ass.” The Bank soon turned to Boulton and his steam presses. By 1805, fully struck dollars from the Soho mint could be seen in change.
HANOVER. George III. 1760-1820. AR Dollar. Dated 1804. No stop after REX. Bull 1951; ESC 164; SCBC 3768. Toned. In NGC encapsulation 1907924-007, graded MS 62.
From the Michael Casick Collection of British Coins, purchased from Atlas Numismatics, May 2006.
HANOVER. George III. 1727-1760. Proof Patttern CU Dollar (40mm, 6h). Soho (Birmingham) mint. Dies by C.H. Küchler. Dated 1804. GEORGIUS III DEI GRATIA REX, laureate, draped, and cuirassed bust right / BANK OF ENGLAND, Britannia seated left, holding olive branch and spear, and leaning upon Union shield; cornucopia below; beehive in background to left; all within garter surmounted by mural crown; 1804 below. Thick flan. L&S 79; Bull 1956; ESC 164A; cf. SCBC 3768 (for regular silver striking). In NGC encapsulation 6635638-002, graded PF 62 BN. Wonderful chocolate brown surfaces. Rare.
HANOVER. Victoria. 1837-1901. Proof AR Crown. Dated 1847 and RY UNDECIMO. Gothic type. Edge lettering, struck en medaille. Bull 2571; ESC 288; SCBC 3883. In NGC encapsulation 6889970-002, graded Proof AU Details, cleaned.